FALL HARVEST REPORT 2016

A monthly supplement to The Delmarva Farmer

SUDLERSVILLE, Md. — A small airplane swoops low over a field of golden soybeans, and then zooms back up into the air before making another round at Schmidt Farms, located in the Eastern Shore of Maryland.
“What we’re doing is an aerial application of cover crops,” said Hans Schmidt. “Applying the cover crop seeds while the original crop is still in the field allows us to take advantage of seed mixes that produce dual results for soil health.”
Schmidt Farms is one of many Maryland farms, which together seeded a record 492,244 acres of cover crops last fall for the 2016 growing season as part of a state program.
Cover crops are widely recognized as one of the most cost-effective and environmentally sustainable ways for farmers to meet nutrient and sediment reduction targets outlined in Maryland’s Watershed Implementation Plan to protect and restore the Chesapeake Bay by 2025.
“Maryland farmers believe in the environmental and agronomic benefits of planting cover crops on their fields to improve the soil, recycle unused plant nutrients, control erosion, and protect local waterways,” said Maryland Secretary of Agriculture Joe Bartenfelder.
For the past six years, Maryland farmers planted more than 400,000 acres of cover crops.
With cover crop seeding now underway for the 2017 crop year, this year, farmers signed-up to plant a record 691,743 acres, 35,000 more acres than last year.
Cover crops are considered one of the most cost-effective means of helping to restore the Chesapeake Bay. Maryland farmers have exceeded the Watershed Implementation Plan milestone goals in 2011, 2013 and 2015 for cover crops and are on track to exceed the next two year milestone in 2017 with this new record enrollment acreage.
Schmidt Farms is a third generation family farm, operated by Hans and his wife, Jennie, and Hans’ brother, Alan and his wife Brenda.
The farm cultivates about 2,000 acres of food and feed – high oleic soybeans used to create soybean oil, soybeans used in tofu and soy milk, green beans, tomatoes and wine grapes. In addition, they grow corn, barley and hay for animal feed.
Using a cover crop application program allows the farm to feed nutrients into the top soil, and at the same time improve the fields’ soil tilth.
“Tilth is the physical condition of the soil that allows for a healthy root system to support plant growth and plant health,” says Jennie. “Having soil with good tilth means that the soil has large pore spaces for oxygenation and water filtration. This all adds up to a better no-till program in the spring and a reduced use of fertilizer.”
The cover crop program is not a new idea on the farm, in fact, Walter Schmidt was one of the first farmers in the country to implement cover crops, way back in the late 1960s.
“Dad wanted to ensure that the next generation of our family had healthy soils to continue our family farming legacy,” says Hans. “He certainly was able to meet that goal, and Alan and I continue the practice of constantly improving our soils.”
The Schmidt Farm has also earned a designation of Certified Agricultural Conservation Steward under the Farm Stewardship Certification and Assessment Program.
“It’s rewarding to grow food for our neighbors, and the larger community,” says Hans. “We all have an influence on the environment. As farmers, we put the safety and health of the environment first. We are not the only farmers doing this, for most, it’s second nature.”
Hans and Jennie Schmidt both found themselves with responsibilities beyond the farm.
Hans is assistant secretary of resource conservation within the Maryland Department of Agriculture and Jennie is president of the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board.